The Norman Conquest of England in 1066

How Exercise Is Improved By Executing Aerobic Exercise

Exercise has been associated with many different kinds of positive effects in individuals. For example, physical and mental disorders occur less in individuals who exercise (Hillman, Erickson, Kramer, 2008). A more recent idea is that exercise is associated with increased cognitive performance (Hogan, Mata, Carstensen, 2013). Different aspects of exercise and memory have been studied. One study showed that running had a positive effect on vocabulary learning (Griffin, Mullally, Foley, Warmington, O Mara, Kelly, 2011). Another illustrated how working memory is improved by executing aerobic exercise (Quelhas Martins , Kavussanu , Willoughby , Ring , 2013). Cognitive performance on the Stroop test was also increased following a high†¦show more content†¦The altered brain activity in children who exercise could be a prime example of how the difference in brain activity after exercising could improve memory consolidation. The current view on memory formation is that there is first a learning phase, an intermediate phase, and then consolidation of the information, which results in long-term memory (Snigdha, Rivera, Milgram, Cotman, 2014). If exercise has been proven to improve performance at the first two phases, then consolidation of the information should be improved as well. A recent study determined the effects of aerobic exercise and memory consolidation in canines. The results showed that there was enhanced consolidation in the canines that exercised prior to performing the different memory tasks (Snigdha, 2014). Although this experiment was done with canines, it is one of the few that has directly associated memory consolidation and exercise. The improved performance in consolidation of canines could very well have the same outcome in humans too. One issue that could be troubling while studying effects of exercise and memory is determining whether it is state dependent or not. Since the brain i s aroused while learning the new information after exercising, the information could be better retrieved following exercise as well. It is important to determine whether or not it is state dependent. The assumption is that memory is consolidated much better when exercise is performed prior toShow MoreRelatedSummary on Aerobic and Anaerobic Endurance in Badminton2942 Words   |  12 Pagesof energy to quickly move around the court, deliver effective shots and sustain a match. Knowing how this energy is generated is crucial.All other things being equal, the player with more stamina will most likely win a match in baminton. This is because while good stroke skills, effective shot placements and fast footwork are important characteristics in a good player, fitness is necessary in executing and sustaining these movements for the duration of a match. 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Changes Brought by Civil Rights Movement Free Essays

The Civil Rights movement, during the 1960s and 1970s, created many changes for both American society and its schools. The transformations were the result of such movements as Bilingual Education, women†s† rights activity, and the passing of the Public Law 94-142 legislation. The incorporation of these new laws and ideas into society all came with their own consequences. We will write a custom essay sample on Changes Brought by Civil Rights Movement or any similar topic only for you Order Now Each of them helped, in some way, to lessen the inequality of minority groups in America, like students whose primary language was not English, women, and handicapped children. They also faced opposition by certain groups, who did not eel that their inclusion in American life was necessary. Those fighting for the minorities, though, were steadfast in their efforts, and made many successful The Bilingual Education movement in America began in the late 1960s. It was made to be an important issue due to the fact that many Spanish-speaking children were attending schools that only included the English language in their curriculum. This resulted in low academic achievement rates for the students. Bilingual education programs were developed to try to resolve this dilemma in the American schools. In these programs, teaching was given in both Spanish nd English. Some attempts were eventually made to set a standard for the bilingual education and make it a nationally recognized idea. The Bilingual Education Act, passed by Congress in 1968, made an approach to legitimize the instruction of non-English speaking children (U W, 317). It did not set any standards though, so how well the act was observed was basically left up to whose arguments were stronger–the opposers or the defenders. The Supreme Court popularized the issue in 1974, in the Lau vs. Nichols case. This case involved â€Å"Chinese American children in San Francisco who spoke little or no English† (ibid. . Those fighting for the children wanted them to receive extra attention in teaching English. After the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the children, various proposals were given to attempt to solve The inclusion of bilingual education in America†s school†s curriculum brought about different ideas on how to resolve the issue. The first of these approaches suggested that there be a special curriculum for non-English speakers, so that they can concentrate on learning the English language. The second involved taking non-English speaking students out of regular classrooms until they learned the language fully. The third approach, bilingual education, suggested teaching the student†s native language and English equally. According to Urban and Wagoner in American Education: A History, â€Å"advocates of this last approach sometimes emphasized biculturalism as well and These attempts were both supported and opposed by various parties. Those who defended incorporation of bilingual education into American schools included politicians and other Hispanic leaders, who were trying to prevent assimilation. Opposers included â€Å"teachers, Anglo politicians, and some Hispanic intellectuals†, who thought that it was important for the children to ssimilate in to the society (ibid. ). Women†s rights activity also became popular in the 1960s, but did not have many large effects on the schools. Teachers did not want to be involved with the feminists, and so the activists also distanced themselves from the teachers. The hard work and determination of the feminists did though, bring about the passing of the Title IX of the Higher Education Act in 1972 (ibid. , 320). This act instilled gender equality in institutions of higher education, and has played a monumental role in regulating fairness among the sexes in colleges and The Title IX continues to aid in maintaining equality between college men and women, among other things, though there is still work to be done. The act has been successful supporting attempts to bring more female administrators into schools. In actuality though, women principals and administrators in schools and school districts are still scarce (ibid. ). Public Law 94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, was an act of legislation passed by Congress in 1972. It assured that all handicapped children received equal public education. It also allowed disabled hildren to be students in regular classrooms, an idea called â€Å"mainstreaming† (ibid. ). Included in the act, was a development called the individualized education plan (IEP). This plan was for all handicapped students enrolled in the program, and it would analyze the children†s† progress, as well as any goals that Public Law 94-142 encountered intense debates from both supporters and opposers. The children and their parents greatly approved of the special education program because it provided a much more favorable education than what they were receiving previously. They were getting a chance to be educated n the same atmosphere as children without disabilities. Others who opposed mainstreaming and the special education programs included various school officials, and the parents of non-handicapped children. The officials believed that Congress was violating the school system, by enacting educational legislation, without providing a way to fund it. The parents were angered because they felt that the handicapped children brought in to the classrooms would take too much attention away from their children†s† education. This issue was never quite resolved with the legislation, and it still remains today. The Bilingual Education movement, women†s rights activity, and Public Law 94-142 are just a few of the ideas, movements, and acts of legislation that produced changes in American society and the education system in the 1960s and 1970s. Some, like bilingual education, affected what was taught in the classroom. Others, like the women†s rights movement, and Public Law 94-142, transformed the schools themselves, and also who was attending them. Each included their own outcome and consequences when they were enacted. The outcomes, in fact, have allowed for standards that exist in American schools today. How to cite Changes Brought by Civil Rights Movement, Papers

Finance and Investor Strategy Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.How are you going to fund the company? 2.What is your dividend policy? Answers: Finance Strategy Finance Strategy involves critical decisions in every economic climate, especially in cases of start-up funds, expanding capital or in cases to hold during tough times. While obtaining funding or finances for corporate functions there are several factors that has to be considered(Smith, 2011). The types of finances might vary for varied businesses. They can be Crowdfunding, bank loan, equity or bootstrapping, funding from friends or family, Angel investors, business partners, venture capitalists, cloud funding or any other suitable methods. In equity bootstrapping method the business is expected to fund itself as it grows. In case of self-funding approach, entrepreneurs are seen to fund their own business ventures. Often businesses obtains loan from their family and friends for the purpose of raising capital. Angel investors are individuals who want to invest into businesses. Cloud funding are group of investors that access by means of internet. Venture capitalists are those eager to fund businesses during their start-up period. Crowdfunding are web-based projects that fund business ventures. Determining type of financing is primarily dependent on overall business strategy and cash flows that are generated out of the project. Cash flows that are generated from a particular project for which investment is sort is used to payback funding that is raised for it. Such paybacks can happen in varied methods as fixed payments, payments through dividends or any other processes(Johnson, 2008). Interest rates or payment terms help access and understand type of finance strategy that is to be selected for a given type of project. Investor Strategy Every Company has a set of guidelines or policy that is used to ascertain dividend policy. Divided policy helps ascertaining payments that the company needs to make towards its shareholders(Bushee, 2012). A Company can select any of the three types of dividend policy as residual dividend policy, stability dividend policy or a hybrid of the two dividend policy. Approaches to dividend policy is ascertained based on joint decisions taken by shareholders along with management of the company. In case of residual dividend policy, the company selects on internal equity generation for financing of new projects. Dividend incomes hence come from leftover equity post meeting of capital requirement for a particular project. This methods helps maintain debt is to equity ratios prior to making any sort of dividend distributions. Dividend stability policy results from any sort of fluctuations that is generated from residual policy. In stability dividends are paid quarterly as set against fractions of yearly earnings(Ingley, 2011). This is a certain dividend income method for equity holders as it generates regular income. Hybrid dividend policy is a combination of stable and residual dividend policy. As per this concept, companies view debt is to equity ratio as a long-term approach as against short term goal. This approach is adopted more by corporates towards paying off their dividends to equity shareholders. References Bushee, B. J. (2012). Investor relations, firm visibility, and investor following. The Accounting Review, 867-897. Ingley, C. M. (2011). The financial crisis, investor activists and corporate strategy: will this mean shareholders in the boardroom? Journal of Management Governance, 557-587. Johnson, G. S. (2008). Exploring corporate strategy: text cases. Pearson Education. Smith, J. S. (2011). Entrepreneurial finance: strategy, valuation, and deal structure. Stanford University Press.