Psychoanalytic And Psychodynamic Theory Of Personality

Psychoanalytic/ Psychodynamic: The psychodynamic perspective focuses on the role of the unconscious mind in the development of personality. Freud believed that the personality develops in a series of five stages that develop the three divisions of personality. In the oral stage, the fixation is in the mouth, and would be the cause of his introverted nature; likewise, in the anal stage, Roberto would discover his reserved nature, while the phallic stage, he would further refine his reserved nature as a sense of humility in his actions, also defining his mild mannered portion of his personality. In the latency stage, his social skills would refined and he would become introverted. Freud would think that Roberto’s mild-mannered, reserved, and invertedness is caused by intense suppressing of the id by the ego, having Roberto adopt the personality that he does; however, Karen Horney would classify Roberto’s personality in respect to her theory of neurotic personalities- personalities typified by maladapti ve ways of dealing with relationships- with moving away from people by withdrawing from personal relationships. Behaviorism: The behaviorist perspective of personality focuses on the effect of the environment on behavior. Based on the theories of Skinner and Pavlov, Roberto has his personality because of his past experiences in a social environment. B.F. Skinner would relate operant conditioning to Roberto’s personality. Through many punishments and reinforcements by hisShow MoreRelatedEssay about Jennys Personality; Interpretation of Forrest Gump1419 Words   |  6 PagesForrest Gump: Jenny’s Personality Monday, August 22, 2011 PSY202 – Principles of Psychology In this character analysis paper the character of Jenny Curran from the award winning movie Forrest Gump will be the subject of discussion. This paper will present an analysis of the Jenny’s personality as it is applicable to Psychodynamic theory. The paper will present my rationale for the choice to use the Psychodynamic theory to describe Jenny Curran’s personality. In addition, this paper willRead MorePsychoanalytic Theory And Psychodynamic Theory1247 Words   |  5 Pages Psychoanalytic Theory In this paper, I will discuss the theoretical perspective of psychoanalytic theory and discuss a few of the theorist that helped to shape and expanded upon this theory. I will focus mainly on Sigmund Freud, the founder of the psychodynamic approach and use his theory as the foundation to compare other theorist perspectives. Psychoanalytic theory is based on the belief that the human mind often represses threatening wishes or painful experiences. Repression is believed toRead MoreTheories Of Personality : Psychodynamic, Trait Or Five Factor Model, Humanistic, And Social Cognitive974 Words   |  4 Pagesfour major theories of personality: psychodynamic, trait or five-factor model, humanistic, and social-cognitive. The psychodynamic theory primarily focuses on the role of the unconscious mind. The social cognitive theory focuses on the effect of the environment on behavior and is based on theories of learning. Whereas, the humanistic theory emphasizes conscious life experiences and c hoices. The trait or five-factor model focuses on characteristics themselves and not the roots of personality. To beginRead MoreDevelopment Of Aging Or Mid Life Crisis863 Words   |  4 Pageslife crisis of balancing the self, social world with a deepening meaning. Jung thought that people of mid-life, were developed, one side, of their life, and now lacks meaning (Weaver, 2009). Now the existentialist view was in contrast with the psychodynamic view and believed that people in this stage of life gravitating towards meanings and values (Frankl, 1967). This was evident of a study done in the 1960 at a Vienna Hospital; it showed that 55% existential frustration and half expressed life areRead MoreEssay about The Psychodynamic Model of Abnormality1148 Words   |  5 PagesThe Psychodynamic Model of Abnormality The psychodynamic model of abnormality is useful to an extent. However it has many weaknesses. The psychodynamic model of abnormality was initiated by Sigmund Freud. Sigmund Freud was very interested in hysteria. This is the manifestation of physical causes. He became convinced that unconscious mental causes were responsible not just abnormality but also Read MoreFREUD’S PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORY AND THE RECENT APPROACH Essay1738 Words   |  7 PagesThe psychodynamic theory has its own perspective, thus ranging us with numerous experimental findings and studies. According to Freud, the psychodynamic theory has developed from the psychosexual stages of an individual; in terms of normal development, at which, is a start at birth and throughout his adulthood. There are multiple factors structuring of human personality; and therefore, Freud had introduced us his theory in achieving it from the state of the unawareness. Ermann also focused on theRead MorePsychoanalytic Theory : Psychoanalytic And Psychoanalytic Perspective Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pages Psychoanalytic aka â€Å"Psychodynamic† The psychoanalytic perspective, is the outlook that behavior and personality are effected by the conflict between one’s inner dreams n and expectation of society. Most of this conflict occurs in unconscious, which is outside the knowledge of an individual. Renowned psychologist, Freud established the psychoanalytic theory as an explanation for perplexed phenomena such as the meaning behindRead MorePsychodynamic Theories And Theories Of The Psychodynamic Theory Essay1702 Words   |  7 Pages This paper attempts to explore psychodynamic theory in depth as well as its presentation in real life as presented by Sigmund Freud. It presents an analysis of the theory in terms of its historical developments and perspectives as well as the ideas of its main supporters. Further, the paper also attempts to bring to light the hidden and unambiguous assumptions made by the theory concerning individuals, groups, families, systems and communities. Additionally, It will attempt to highlight the relationshipRead MoreIs Personality Based On Science?986 Words   |  4 PagesIs personality based on science? Is personality a science? Precisely, what is personality? There has been many theories about personality as it has been viewed differently over the years. With personality, no two theories are the same just as no two individuals are. Personality is an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting. Personality has been studied by many well-known psychologists including Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Gordon Allport, Abraham Maslow, and Albert BanduraRead MoreThe Contribution of Different Approaches to Psychology for the Development of Modern Psychology1147 Words   |  5 Pages Psychology is a vast field which consists of theories and approaches where it involves certain assumptions on human behavior. How they function and the aspects of the behavior that needs to be studied, in addition to the research methods that are needed to be followed in order to understand it thoroughly. These approaches provide characteristic viewpoints and emphasize different factors. These approaches have contributed towards the development of modern psychology in various ways.

African Americans And The United States - 943 Words

Although African Americans make up merely fourteen percent of the U.S. population, thirty-seven percent of people who are homeless are African Americans. Forty-two percent of African American children are educated in all high-poverty schools. In 2012, the mean critical reading SAT score for college accepted students was 428 for African Americans and 527 for whites. For mathematics, it was 428 for African Americans and 536 for whites. For writing it was 417 for African Americans and 515 for whites (National Center for Educational Statistics). These staggering data manage to encompass just a few of the issues that are prevalent among African Americans in the United States. However, people may find themselves wondering how these figures came to be; who is responsible and what can be done? Many will begin turning to stereotypes for justification of this issue: African Americans are lazy, African Americans are criminals, African Americans are indifferent towards education. Indeed, that sh allow assumption can be made made based on sole observation, but further research unveils an extraordinarily different conclusion. In order to understand this, one must dig deep into the history books and study the turbulent past of African Americans. Doing so, I was able to form a deduction that shows the origin of so many issues that the African American community is pressed with. African Americans experience the ramifications of their pasts everyday through the effects of denied access toShow MoreRelatedAfrican Americans From The United States1727 Words   |  7 PagesWhen African Americans involuntarily arrived in the United Sates, they were sold as slaves, deprived of their heritage, and were separated from their families. The dehumanization of slavery over four hundred years, strategically kept the African American at the bottom of both the social and economic realm. The historical ramifications over this period in United States history would prove to be detrimental to the i nstitution of education in the United States for African Americans and would createRead MoreThe United States Treatment Of African Americans1291 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States’ treatment of African Americans has changed tremendously since the country’s founding up until now. African Americans were first introduced to the country in one of the harshest manners possible. They were brought over on tightly compacted slave ships and then forced into hard labor for the entirety of their lives. This went on for centuries until African Americans were finally given their freedom after the Civil War. Albeit this was much better than slavery, citizenship came withRead MoreNative Americans in the United States and African Americans3048 Words   |  13 PagesDeculturalization and the Struggle for Equality examines the educational policies in the United States that have resulted in intentional patterns of oppression by Protestant, European Americans against racial and eth nic groups. The historical context of the European American oppressor is helpful in understanding how the dominant group has manipulated the minority groups. These minority groups include Americans who are Native, African, Latin/Hispanic, and Asian. Techniques for deculturalization were applied inRead MoreAfrican Americans During The United States1752 Words   |  8 PagesAfrican Americans in the United States have been oppressed for many years. The continuous oppression and negative attitudes towards African Americans has caused an ongoing ethnic conflict. African Americans in the United States are facing injustices in all aspects of life, socially, economically, and politically. Although the conflict involving African Americans in the United States may not be as severe as other ethnic conflicts occurring around the world, it is still a very important ethnic conflictRead MoreStruggles African Americans Face in the United States895 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican Americans are among many groups that immigrated to the United States. According to The American Journey (2005), conditions were sometimes a problem in Africa and some natives of the area wanted to start a new life in the newly settled world. To pay for passage to the New World, they signed agreements to work for a set number of years and to be free individuals afterwards called indentured servitude. Things went smoothly at first. However, after a while, rulers of Africa began capturing andRead More African American Discrimination in the United States Essay1010 Words   |  5 PagesAfrican American Discrimination in the United States NO! NO? This is the word most often heard by African Americans throughout our vivid history. Although at one time we were a majority of judgment and unfair discrimination, it is now more than likely safe to say, white or black, we are proud to be Americans. In Harper Lee’s novel To Kill A Mockingbird she elucidates what it was like, during the 1930s, to live in a small town who often put judgment before thought. When thinking of discriminationRead MoreThe African American Struggle During The United States Essay2085 Words   |  9 PagesThe African American Struggle in the United States Before the civil rights movement in America, many writers that grew up during times of oppression and racial discrimination began to speak out about the problems African Americans faced. Wilson, Hughes, and Hansberry explore the themes of racism and the American dream in their works to reveal the situation for black Americans in the United States during the time period after World War II. The American dream is the idea that every person shouldRead MoreUnited States Of The African American Male Students Essay1889 Words   |  8 PagesUpon the premise of further exploration, Mari Ann Roberts found a definition of what is meant to care for underachieving African American male students. Roberts surveyed eight African American teachers to attain their point of view of what it meant to care for their students which included informing them about how to survive in the racism of the United States of America that they will and are exposed to (Roberts 456). The discussion of political clarity was addressed by several teachers to helpRead MoreThe Reparations to the Descendents of African American Slaves in the United States788 Words   |  4 PagesThe Reparations to the Descendents of African American Slaves in the United States If the United States government were to support the reparations to the descendents of African American slaves it would be an admitting of their responsibility. This is an issue that the United States government does not want to bring back to the forefront. To them, slavery is an occurrence in history such as the Vietnam War, which is not easy to tell about without editing. What is done is done, and bringing up possibilitiesRead MoreAfrican American Men And The United States Prison System1422 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican American Men and the United States Prison System There is a racial connection between the United States criminal justice system and the overrepresentation of black men in the United States prison system. There are over 2 million people in the U.S. prison system exceeding that of any other nation and represents 25% of the world’s prisoners (The Sentencing Project, 2016). According to Prison Policy Initiative, African American communities are the most impacted with African American men representing

Contemporary Issues in Entrepreneurship and Innovation Computing and

Question: Discuss about the Contemporary Issues in Entrepreneurship and Innovation for Computing and Cognition. Answer: Overview of Wicked Problems Wicked problems are identified as social and cultural problems that become difficult to be resolved for mainly four important factors like lack of proper and complete knowledge about the problem or issue, existence of larger number of opinions and views concerning the problem, huge amount of economic burden associated with the resolving of the problem and finally the interconnection of the problem with other problems or issues. Poverty is identified to be a wicked problem for employing larger number of financial and economic resources for resolving the issues. Further, poverty is also found to be associated with other potential economic and social issues concerning deprivation in nutritional and educational parameters of social beings(Sicart, 2013, p.99). I was associated with a social entrepreneurship event, Food for All that aimed at innovating service offerings for generation and availability of food for people living at below the poverty line. The event helped me identify poverty as a wicked problem that became linked with lack of needed nutrition of the masses and where its eradication needed employment of diverse types of infrastructural and economic resources. Differentiation of Wicked Problems from Other Problems The wicked problem is identified to be a problem that is difficult to be formulated. Further, the nature of wicked problems in being tied with other problems becomes difficult to be ideally distinguished as solved in nature. Solutions generated for wicked problems are not evaluated like for other problems as right or wrong. Rather the solutions are evaluated based on their potential as good or bad. Again, the solution to a wicked problem cannot be implemented and tested for its feasibility in an immediate and final fashion. Further, the solutions generated for wicked problems are observed to have irreversible consequences based on the generation of future problems. Wicked problems are also identified to be both unique and symptomatic in nature in that they reflect symptoms of emergence of newer problems(Ackerman, 2015, p.23). Herein, poverty and failure of generating nutritious food for poverty stricken people is identified to be the wicked problem. Further, the solution identified based on amalgamating entrepreneurship and innovative skills would require the sourcing and networking of diverse resources thereby making it long-term in nature. Process of Emergence of Wicked Problems The causes of emergence of wicked problems are observed to be manifold in nature. Wicked problems emerge from the political viewpoint owing to conflicts between stakeholders regarding effective solution to the problem. Wicked problems emerge out from the financial position where the economic and financial resources are observed to become constrained at a specific point such that any further consumption of financial or economic resources beyond the point is not considered feasible in nature(Ritchey, 2011, p.27). Again, wicked problems emerge as temporary in nature where the solutions to the problems are stiffened by the existence of potential constraints that in turn affect the emergence of potential solutions. Lack of needed expertise or knowledge concerning the generation of effective solutions also amounts to the generation of knowledge wicked problems(Burge McCal, 2014, p.5). Wicked problems concerning poverty and lack of proper nutrition are observed to emerge from the financial viewpoint owing to existence of constrained economic and financial resources for countering such. Further, I also observed the lack of needed entrepreneurial knowledge and skills for generating needed solutions to the emerging problems. Mechanism for Resolving Wicked Problems Collaboration between potential stakeholders is identified as an effective strategy that contributes in resolving wicked problems. Collaboration in the form of partnership, joint venture and other types of partnerships between regional and international governments ideally helps in developing a win-win solution for generating an effective solution to a wicked problem. Collaboration is further identified to be an effective strategy for tacking wicked problems owing to the following salient points likes increased commitments on the part of stakeholders, generation of solutions in a comprehensive and holistic fashion and also the existence of fewer resources to be employed by a specific stakeholder(Commonwealth of Australia, 2015). The success of the Food for All event required effective collaboration between different parties including participants like me and my colleagues with other stakeholders like investors, transporters, owners and managers of supermarkets and departmental stores. Effective collaboration generated between the stakeholders helped us in gaining access to needed resources for addressing the poverty and nutritional problems. Role of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Addressing Wicked Problems Social entrepreneurship and also the development of an innovative culture potentially help in addressing of wicked problems. The Food for All event in which I was involved focused on understanding the relationship between poverty and obesity. Our team identified obesity to be induced by not only poverty but also lack of proper education that affected the access of the residents towards nutritious and fresh food products. The social entrepreneurial team can thereby focus on generating needed innovation based on involvement of transportation infrastructures that would help the people gain access to different supermarkets and other community gardens(Ramjugernath, 2015, p.14). References Ackerman, G.L., 2015. Technology-Rich Teaching: Classrooms in the 21st Century. United Kingdom : Rowman Littlefield. Burge, J.E. McCal, R., 2014. Design Computing and Cognition. United Kingdom : Springer. Commonwealth of Australia, 2015. Tackling Wicked Problems: A public policy perspective. Sydney: Commonwealth of Australia. Ramjugernath, D., 2015. ICIE 2015 3rd International Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship: ICIE 2015. United States : Academic Conferences Limited. Ritchey, T., 2011. Wicked Problems Social Messes: Decision Support Modelling with Morphological Analysis. United Kingdom : Springer Science Business Media. Sicart, M., 2013. Beyond Choices: The Design of Ethical Gameplay. United States : MIT Press.

Skin Cancer Essays (1296 words) - Carcinoma, RTT,

Skin Cancer Science Skin Cancer Skin Cancer Each year more than 600,000 people learn that they have some form of skin cancer. (National Cancer Institute [NCI] , 1993) Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the United States.(NCI, 1993) It is estimated that 40 to 50 percent of Americans that live to the age of 65 will have skin cancer at least once.(NCI, 1993) One-third of all new diagnosed cancers are skin cancer. (Siegel, 1990, p.77) Skin cancer is now almost 100 percent curable if detected early and treated properly. (NCI, 1993) Healthy cell in the body's tissues grow, divide, and replace themselves in a orderly way. (NCI, 1993) Sometimes normal cells lose their ability to limit their growth; too much tissue is formed and a tumor begins to form. (NCI, 1993) Tumors can be either benign or malignant. (NCI, 1993) Benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body and are seldom deadly. (NCI, 1993) Malignant tumors invade and destroy nearby healthy tissues and organs.(NCI, 1993) Cancerous cells for malignant tumors can spread to other parts of the body by way of blood vessels and the lymph nodes. (Microsoft Encarta, 1995) Skin Cancer has one known and easily avoidable risk factor: exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun. (Reid, K. People with the highest risk of getting skin cancer are those that have fair skin and sunburn easily.(Siegel, 1990. p 78) The risk of developing skin cancer is also effected by where a person lives. People living closer to the equator ands people living in high altitudes have a increased risk of developing skin cancer. (Siegel, 1990, p 78) Exposure to artificial sources of UV radiation can increase a person's risk.(NCI, 1993) It is also a good idea to try to avoid prolonged exposure to the midday sun. (NCI, 1993) 80 percent of skin cancers occur on the face, head or neck of the person; another 10 percent occur on other exposed areas of the body. (Siegel, 1990, p 80) Men's shoulders, backs, and chests and women's lower legs have become more common sites of skin cancer in recent years. (Siegel, 1990, p 80) In the United States, people are more likely to develop skin cancer on their left arm and face; this is because people sit on the left side of their car when they are driving. (Siegel, 1990, p. 80) The epidermis consist of several different types and layers of cells. (Siegel, 1990, p 76) The bottom row of cells is composed of basal cells; the middle layer consist of squamous cells and Melanocytes are interspersed between them. (Siegel, 1990, p 77) The three kinds of skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common of all cancers, including skin cancer. (Siegel, 1990, p. 86) Basal cell is a slow growing cancer that seldom spreads to other parts of the body. (NCI, 1993) Basal cell carcinoma is found most often on people with white skin, particularly of north European descent. (Siegel, 1990, p 86) Basal cell carcinoma if left untreated can badly damage and destroy underlying structures and tissues. (Siegel, 1990, p86) Basal cell carcinoma usually begins on areas of the body exposed to the sun. (Siegel, 1990, p 86) Their are a number of warning signs for Basal cell carcinoma. Appearance of the cancer can usually be seen, as well as felt. (Siegel, 1990, p 87) The growth may have pearly or shiny edges with a reddish or purplish color to it. (Siegel, 1990, p 87) In dark skinned people, the bump may appear to look like a mole. (Siegel, 1990, p 87) Another sign of Basal cell carcinoma is an open sore that does not heal and/or begins to bleed, ooze, or crust. (Si egel 1990 p 87) Sometimes a reddish patch or irritated area may persist, itch, hurt, or crust. (Siegel, 1990, p 87) Basal cell carcinoma has many variations in size, color, and shape; thus making it very difficult for a nonphysician to do a self-diagnose. (Siegel, 1990, p.87) The second most common skin cancer is squamous cell carcinoma; which effect around 100,000 people or 20 percent of all skin cancers. (Reid,